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Jewish Male Circumcision

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DMTX. A report on male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised gl
in Our World, on the 13th of January 2010
A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - 'covenant of circumcision'. It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.

A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - "covenant of circumcision". It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.

ID: 221487
A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - 'covenant of circumcision'. It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.

A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - "covenant of circumcision". It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.

ID: 221489
A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - 'covenant of circumcision'. It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.

A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - "covenant of circumcision". It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.

ID: 221488
A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - 'covenant of circumcision'. It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.

A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - "covenant of circumcision". It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.

ID: 221481
A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - 'covenant of circumcision'. It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.

A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - "covenant of circumcision". It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.

ID: 221480

I'll pass on having my son go

I'll pass on having my son go through this. I don't care how "traditional" this "practice" might be. What it boils down to is a man sucking on a child's genitals. I don't call it tradition; I call it child molestation. Why must a mohel's mouth be anywhere near a child's genitals anyway? On top of that, this mohel didn't even wear gloves while his hands are all over the child's genitals....what if he has warts on his fingers....HPV genital infection anyone? Parents are supposed to protect their children and they are not protecting your children if they are allowing someone to drink wine and then suck on their genitals and possibly expose their child to a blood-borne infection (possibly Herpes or HIV or Hepatitis) from the mohel.
Should be outlawed. If freedom of religion allows traditional Orthodox Jews to perform oral circucision then does that mean it also allows circumcision of females based upon Islamic religion or custom ?

Fascinating! Thank you for

Fascinating! Thank you for sharing.

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Nir Alon, working out of Jerusalem. Photojournalist available for assignments. Please call +972-(0)54-4404656 or email NirA... Read more.

A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - 'covenant of circumcision'. It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.
A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - 'covenant of circumcision'. It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.
A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - 'covenant of circumcision'. It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.
A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - 'covenant of circumcision'. It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.
A report on Jewish male circumcision in Israel. Circumcision is widely practiced in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches throughout Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or infancy. Jerusalem, Israel. 13/01/2010.

Male circumcision is the removal of the foreskin from the penis. It is widely practised in Judaism, Islam and in some Christian churches in Africa. It is estimated that 30% of males are circumcised globally, usually during adolescence or during infancy.

The practice was adopted in Western civilization around the beginning of the 20th century as a form of preventive medicine against syphilis, phimosis, paraphimosis and balanitis. Reports estimate the prevalence of circumcision among US born males was 91% for males born in the 1970s but the numbers have since been going down. In 1949, the United Kingdom's National Health Service removed infant circumcision from its list of covered services and the proportion of newborns circumcised in England and Wales has fallen to less than one percent.

In Judaism a Mohel conducts the traditional circumcision ceremony called Brit Milah - 'covenant of circumcision'. It is performed on the eighth day after birth. According to the Torah (Genesis, chapter 17 verses 9-14), God commanded Abraham to circumcise himself, his offspring and his slaves as part of an everlasting covenant. Also practised, although more controversial, is metzitzah b'peh, or oral suction, where the mohel sucks blood from the infant's wounded penis immediately after the circumcision. The traditional reason for this procedure is believed to be promotion of healing. Research has recently suggested that oral suction has been the cause for several cases of herpes infection to infants, in some cases causing brain damage and even death. Some rabbinical authorities have ruled that a glass tube must be used between the mohel's mouth and the wound to prevent any type of infection of the infant.